CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2023-38408

CRITICALEPSS 100th pctl
9.8
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

The PKCS#11 feature in ssh-agent in OpenSSH before 9.3p2 has an insufficiently trustworthy search path, leading to remote code execution if an agent is forwarded to an attacker-controlled system. (Code in /usr/lib is not necessarily safe for loading into ssh-agent.) NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2016-10009.

How to fix

Remediation Available
opensshAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-askpassAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
openssh-cavsAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
openssh-clientsAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-clients-debuginfoAmazon
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-debuginfoAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-debugsourceAmazon
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-keycatAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-keycat-debuginfoAmazon
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-ldapAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
openssh-serverAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-server-debuginfoAmazon
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:8.7p1-8.amzn2023.0.7
openssh-server-sysvinitAmazon
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-22.amzn2.0.3
pam_ssh_agent_authAmazon
Fixed in:0:0.10.3-2.22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:0.10.3-2.22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:0.10.3-2.22.amzn2.0.3
Fixed in:0:0.10.4-4.8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:0.10.4-4.8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:0.10.4-4.8.amzn2023.0.7
pam_ssh_agent_auth-debuginfoAmazon
Fixed in:0:0.10.4-4.8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:0.10.4-4.8.amzn2023.0.7
Fixed in:0:0.10.4-4.8.amzn2023.0.7
opensshDebian
Fixed in:1:9.2p1-2+deb12u1CVE-2023-38408
Fixed in:1:9.3p2-1CVE-2023-38408
Fixed in:1:9.3p2-1CVE-2023-38408
devworkspace/devworkspaceRocky
Fixed in:operator-bundle@sha256:a185d4573a72c5f4bf0847aa17b6c8efdcc63ce7c4f936018b57c5a024ecf971_amd64RHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:rhel8-operator@sha256:2965b996432749b212d7a0437ac29450096fb00bff0a8e90c879da38e91a9a0c_s390xRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:operator-bundle@sha256:d97da395e5370ddfc6bed0a36b0bf4e8923fdc7b281541619a2244554bc22fc5_ppc64leRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:rhel8-operator@sha256:eef32cc05cbfa99bdf7b98a0ca7c53c6412b347a5984e2c4564fa26cefaec471_amd64RHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:rhel8-operator@sha256:2079028c1f40b18bb0b8fdc6f334a54bc15b7487088ca04623a7ef98ef36d9be_ppc64leRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:operator-bundle@sha256:c0944468eec87646b3d7702577393e0bde343f892e6abc3202d46e5a3049341d_s390xRHSA-2023:4889
devworkspace/devworkspaceRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:rhel8-operator@sha256:eef32cc05cbfa99bdf7b98a0ca7c53c6412b347a5984e2c4564fa26cefaec471_amd64RHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:rhel8-operator@sha256:2079028c1f40b18bb0b8fdc6f334a54bc15b7487088ca04623a7ef98ef36d9be_ppc64leRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:operator-bundle@sha256:a185d4573a72c5f4bf0847aa17b6c8efdcc63ce7c4f936018b57c5a024ecf971_amd64RHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:operator-bundle@sha256:d97da395e5370ddfc6bed0a36b0bf4e8923fdc7b281541619a2244554bc22fc5_ppc64leRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:rhel8-operator@sha256:2965b996432749b212d7a0437ac29450096fb00bff0a8e90c879da38e91a9a0c_s390xRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:operator-bundle@sha256:c0944468eec87646b3d7702577393e0bde343f892e6abc3202d46e5a3049341d_s390xRHSA-2023:4889
devworkspace/devworkspace-projectRocky
Fixed in:clone-rhel8@sha256:042ee6de1b850b0fc3f656158c0c0d34d8ba83b5715c8e0eeb71855085fcbe4a_amd64RHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:clone-rhel8@sha256:17e535028dea4aeeb6d6709a2fe3abfbc1d2f33709d7e9e216c9e58b5f519a91_ppc64leRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:clone-rhel8@sha256:0a602da178432c733b3163c4be21f153ff57971247c13e144f48fb2df4522a5b_s390xRHSA-2023:4889
devworkspace/devworkspace-projectRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:clone-rhel8@sha256:17e535028dea4aeeb6d6709a2fe3abfbc1d2f33709d7e9e216c9e58b5f519a91_ppc64leRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:clone-rhel8@sha256:0a602da178432c733b3163c4be21f153ff57971247c13e144f48fb2df4522a5b_s390xRHSA-2023:4889
Fixed in:clone-rhel8@sha256:042ee6de1b850b0fc3f656158c0c0d34d8ba83b5715c8e0eeb71855085fcbe4a_amd64RHSA-2023:4889
opensshRocky
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9.ppc64RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
opensshRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9.ppc64RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

openssh-askpassRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2020-11-30.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9.ppc64RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
openssh-askpassRocky
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:5.3p1-125.el6_10RHSA-2023:4428
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9.ppc64RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
openssh-askpass-debuginfoRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_2RHSA-2023:4384
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-15.el8_6RHSA-2023:4413
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
openssh-askpass-debuginfoRocky
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_1.1RHSA-2023:4383
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-15.el8_6RHSA-2023:4413
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-15.el8_6RHSA-2023:4413
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_1.1RHSA-2023:4383
openssh-cavsRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9.ppc64RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382

This Red Hat / RHEL release reached end-of-life on 2024-06-30. Extended security maintenance is available until 2029-05-31.

Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_1.1RHSA-2023:4383
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
openssh-cavsRocky
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9.ppc64RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:7.4p1-23.el7_9RHSA-2023:4382
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-15.el8_6RHSA-2023:4413
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-15.el8_6RHSA-2023:4413
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_2RHSA-2023:4384
openssh-cavs-debuginfoRocky
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_2RHSA-2023:4384
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-5.el8_2RHSA-2023:4384
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
openssh-cavs-debuginfoRed Hat / RHEL
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-19.el8_8RHSA-2023:4419
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-7.el8_4RHSA-2023:4381
Fixed in:0:8.0p1-15.el8_6RHSA-2023:4413

This vulnerability affects an unusually large number of packages. The highest-confidence fixes are shown above; the full list is longer. Check the referenced advisories for complete coverage.

TridentStack Control can deploy fixes like this automatically across your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet. See how it works

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredNone
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Exploit Intelligence

79.70%probability of exploitation in 30 days
100thpercentile

Very high risk: more likely to be exploited than 100% of all known CVEs.

References

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-428 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVESeverityCVSSEPSSExploitedFix
CVE-2020-15261High8.011%-Fix
CVE-2018-10619High7.82.8%-Fix
CVE-2019-17658Critical9.82.2%--
CVE-2015-4173Medium6.92.1%-Fix
CVE-2023-39464High7.22.0%--
CVE-2019-16647High7.22.0%--

Common questions

How do I fix CVE-2023-38408?

Published advisories record a fix for 60 affected products. The "How to fix" section on this page lists the fixed version and source advisory for each one, so apply the entry matching what you actually run.

Is CVE-2023-38408 being actively exploited?

Not that we know of. CVE-2023-38408 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 79.7% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 100% of all scored CVEs.

How severe is CVE-2023-38408?

CVE-2023-38408 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8, rated critical. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.

What does CVE-2023-38408 affect?

Published advisories record a fix for openssh (Amazon), openssh-askpass (Amazon), openssh-cavs (Amazon), openssh-clients (Amazon), and 56 more. Only products with a sourced advisory are listed, so treat this as what we can cite rather than a complete inventory.

Embed a live status badge for CVE-2023-38408
CVE-2023-38408 severity badge

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-06-17.