CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

vm2 before 3.11.8 contains a sandbox escape vulnerability in NodeVM that allows attackers to access the host __proto__ getter/setter through console._stdout and console._stderr. Attackers can overwrite EventEmitter.prototype.emit and trigger process events to execute code with process context, bypassing code generation restrictions.

Published 2026-09-17

vm2 versions from 3.11.0 before 3.11.8 fail to protect host TypedArray and ArrayBuffer prototypes from sandbox mutation. Attackers can use prototype-walking primitives to reach and modify host Uint8Array.prototype, %TypedArray%.prototype, and ArrayBuffer.prototype, causing host-created typed arrays to observe attacker-controlled properties after VM.run() returns.

Published 2026-09-17

vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a remote code execution vulnerability when require.external is enabled without an explicit require.root that excludes node_modules. Sandboxed code can require vm2's own package, instantiate an unrestricted NodeVM instance, and execute arbitrary host OS commands via child_process.

Published 2026-09-17

vm2 is a sandbox for running untrusted Node.js code. In versions >= 3.11.4 and <= 3.11.6, the NodeVM constructor computes `hasRealRequireConfig` with `typeof requireOpts === 'object' && requireOpts !== null`, so an array-shaped `require` value (for example `require: []`) satisfies the guard that is meant to reject nesting without an explicit require configuration. `makeResolverFromLegacyOptions()` then destructures the array into undefined option fields and returns a resolver containing only `NESTING_OVERRIDE.vm2`. As a result, an attacker who can supply JavaScript executed by a NodeVM configured with truthy `nesting` and an array-shaped `require` (e.g. `new NodeVM({nesting: true, require: []})`) can require the host `vm2` module, create an inner NodeVM with an attacker-chosen builtin allo

Published 2026-09-17

Sentry Seer is vulnerable to a multi-stage trust-boundary violation that allows unauthenticated attacker-controlled telemetry to become code that is executed by an agent in a privileged automation environment. An external attacker can submit fabricated Sentry events without having access to the victim’s Sentry account, source repository, or infrastructure.

Published 2026-09-16

A vulnerability was determined in a2ui-project a2ui up to 0.10.6. This affects the function processMessages of the file renderers/web_core/src/v0_9/processing/message-processor.ts of the component Message Parsing. This manipulation causes dynamically-determined object attributes. The attack can be initiated remotely. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Published 2026-09-16

IBM MQ 9.1.0.0 through 9.1.0.37 LTS, 9.2.0.0 through 9.2.0.43 LTS, 9.3.0.0 through 9.3.0.41 LTS, 9.3.0.0 through 9.3.5.1 CD, 9.4.0.0 through 9.4.0.25 LTS, 9.4.0.0 through 9.4.5.1 CD, and 10.0.0.0 could allow an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the application server due to improper validation of JNDI names in the Resource Adapter Installation Verification Test application.

Published 2026-09-15

This CVE was assigned by Chrome. Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) ingests Chromium, which addresses this vulnerability. Please see Google Chrome Releases for more information.

Published 2026-09-11

Insufficient authorization of Data Source tables in Impala 2.7-4.5 allows a client with privileges to upload a file to remote storage and create a table to execute arbitrary Java code. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.5.2, which fixes this issue.

Published 2026-09-09

Missing Authorization, Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources, Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection') vulnerability in Apache Nutch Server (Nutch REST API). This issue affects Apache Nutch: from 1.11 through 1.22. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.23, which removes the Nutch Server. If an upgrade is not possible, user must restrict access to instances running the Nutch Service to trusted users only. Please, also visit the Apache Nutch security advisories https://nutch.apache.org/documentation/security/ .

Published 2026-09-09

A vulnerability was determined in Eleveo Quality Management 9.7.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /enc-fwk-data/api/v3/conversations/<ID>/events of the component Conversation Handler. This manipulation of the argument createdBy causes dynamically-determined object attributes. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Published 2026-09-04

A security vulnerability has been detected in gouguoa up to 5.10.0/6.0.1. This vulnerability affects the function update of the file app/home/controller/Index.php of the component edit_personal Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument position_id leads to dynamically-determined object attributes. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. Upgrading to version 6.0.3 is able to resolve this issue. Upgrading the affected component is advised.

Published 2026-09-02

Applications that evaluate Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions using SimpleEvaluationContext may be vulnerable to a safety guard bypass when the SpEL expression compiler is active. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier

Published 2026-08-27

Arc is an open, SQL-native time-series database for telemetry. Prior to version 26.06.1, Arc Enterprise's Raft FSM (`internal/cluster/raft/fsm.go:applyRegisterFile`) accepts attacker-chosen file paths in manifest-registration proposals without validating them against the configured storage backend. The only check is that the path is non-empty. There is no parent-traversal (`..`) rejection, no allowlist of legitimate prefixes, no scheme restriction (`s3://` vs local), and no length bound. This is fixed in 2026.06.1. Some workarounds are available. Restrict cluster network access to known-trusted peers via strict firewall rules, audit the cluster manifest for unexpected paths (any path not matching the configured storage backend root is suspect), and/or disable cluster mode until the fix is

Published 2026-08-21

A flaw was found in the search-v2-operator. This vulnerability allows a privileged user, specifically a Custom Resource (CR) editor, to manipulate Search CR fields such as imageOverride, arguments, and environment variables without proper validation. By exploiting this, an attacker can mount arbitrary secrets into a search container's environment or replace the container image with an attacker-controlled one. This leads to privilege escalation and can result in a full cluster compromise due to the ServiceAccount's extensive impersonation permissions.

Published 2026-08-19

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.6, lib/bridge.js and lib/setup-sandbox.js fail to block stacked indirection through Function.prototype.call around dangerous host prototype getter and setter mutators, allowing sandbox code to sever a host intrinsic's prototype chain and reach e.constructor.constructor for arbitrary host command execution. This issue is fixed in version 3.11.6.

Published 2026-08-17

electerm is an open-sourced terminal/ssh/sftp/telnet/serialport/RDP/VNC/Spice/ftp client. Prior to 3.15.186, electerm allows an authenticated WebSocket client to invoke unintended internal functions through client-controlled func values in upgrade-func in src/app/server/dispatch-center.js and handleFs in src/app/server/fs.js, exposing Upgrade and fsExport methods that can execute commands, open files, mutate the filesystem, or terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 3.15.186.

Published 2026-08-11

Crawl4AI is an open-source LLM friendly web crawler & scraper. Prior to 0.8.7, the _safe_eval_expression() function in the computed fields feature uses an AST validator that only blocks attributes starting with underscore. Python generator and frame object attributes (gi_frame, f_back, f_builtins) do NOT start with underscore, enabling a complete sandbox escape to achieve arbitrary code execution. The attack requires no authentication (JWT disabled by default) and is triggered via POST /crawl with a crafted extraction schema. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.8.7.

Published 2026-06-23

LangGraph SQLite Checkpoint is an implementation of LangGraph CheckpointSaver that uses SQLite DB (both sync and async, via aiosqlite). In versions 4.1.0 and prior, the JsonPlusSerializer can reconstruct Python objects from JSON checkpoint payloads. Under conditions where someone could modify checkpoint bytes at rest in the backing store, the deserialization path could reconstruct objects beyond what the application expects, which could in turn result in code execution at checkpoint load time. This is a defense-in-depth issue. The affected behavior is reachable only when checkpoint bytes at rest in the backing store can be modified by an unauthorized party. In most deployments that prerequisite already implies a serious incident; the additional concern is turning "checkpoint-store write ac

Published 2026-06-16

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 allows arbitrary code execution in the host process when untrusted code is executed with async support on runtimes exposing WebAssembly JSPI (WebAssembly.promising / WebAssembly.Suspending). In the tested configuration, a JSPI-backed Promise can reach Promise.prototype.finally() in a way that bypasses the expected Promise-species hardening and exposes a host-originated rejection object to attacker-controlled species logic, breaking the sandbox boundary. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Published 2026-06-12

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Published 2026-06-12

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Published 2026-06-12

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, by combining Buffer.call.call({}.__lookupGetter__, Buffer, "__proto__"), Buffer.call.call({}.__lookupSetter__, Buffer, "__proto__"), and Node.js's ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE Error, the host's TypeError constructor can be obtained, which allows the escape from the sandbox. This allows attackers to run arbitrary code. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Published 2026-06-12

An issue was discovered in all versions of PCManFM-Qt starting from 1.1.0. When a regular file's path is passed as a URI in an org.freedesktop.FileManager1.ShowFolders D-Bus method call, PCManFM-Qt delegates to a different program (based on the file type) without user confirmation. This could be used to achieve code execution or circumvent network namespace restrictions. NOTE: those outcomes are potentially unwanted by most users; however, the behavior of the product does comply with the applicable specification, and a simplistic solution (ensuring that the URI does not name a regular file) may have adverse consequences for I/O.

Published 2026-05-22

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.34, PraisonAI's MCP (Model Context Protocol) server (praisonai mcp serve) registers four file-handling tools by default — praisonai.rules.create, praisonai.rules.show, praisonai.rules.delete, and praisonai.workflow.show. Each accepts a path or filename string from MCP tools/call arguments and joins it onto ~/.praison/rules/ (or, for workflow.show, accepts an absolute path) with no containment check. The JSON-RPC dispatcher passes params["arguments"] blind to each handler via **kwargs without validating against the advertised input schema. By setting rule_name="../../<some-path>" an attacker walks out of the rules directory and writes any file the running user can write. Dropping a Python .pth file into the user site-packages dir

Published 2026-05-08

Plack::Middleware::XSendfile versions through 1.0053 for Perl can allow client-controlled path rewriting. Plack::Middleware::XSendfile allows the variation setting (sendfile type) to be set by the client via the X-Sendfile-Type header, if it is not considered in the middleware constructor or the Plack environment. A malicious client can set the X-Sendfile-Type header to "X-Accel-Redirect" to services running behind nginx reverse proxies, and then set the X-Accel-Mapping to map the path to an arbitrary file on the server. Since 1.0053, Plack::Middleware::XSendfile is deprecated and will be removed from future releases of Plack. This is similar to CVE-2025-61780 for Rack::Sendfile, although Plack::Middleware::XSendfile has some mitigations that disallow regular expressions to be used in

Published 2026-04-29

A vulnerability was identified in z-9527 admin 1.0/2.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /server/routes/user.js of the component User Update Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument isAdmin with the input 1 leads to dynamically-determined object attributes. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Published 2026-04-01

A vulnerability has been found in gougucms 4.08.18. This affects the function reg_submit of the file gougucms-master\app\home\controller\Login.php of the component User Registration Handler. Such manipulation of the argument level leads to dynamically-determined object attributes. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Published 2026-04-01

NocoBase is an AI-powered no-code/low-code platform for building business applications and enterprise solutions. Prior to version 2.0.28, NocoBase's Workflow Script Node executes user-supplied JavaScript inside a Node.js vm sandbox with a custom require allowlist (controlled by WORKFLOW_SCRIPT_MODULES env var). However, the console object passed into the sandbox context exposes host-realm WritableWorkerStdio stream objects via console._stdout and console._stderr. An authenticated attacker can traverse the prototype chain to escape the sandbox and achieve Remote Code Execution as root. This issue has been patched in version 2.0.28.

Published 2026-03-31

Graphiti is a framework that sits on top of models and exposes them via a JSON:API-compliant interface. Versions prior to 1.10.2 have an arbitrary method execution vulnerability that affects Graphiti's JSONAPI write functionality. An attacker can craft a malicious JSONAPI payload with arbitrary relationship names to invoke any public method on the underlying model instance, class or its associations. Any application exposing Graphiti write endpoints (create/update/delete) to untrusted users is affected. The `Graphiti::Util::ValidationResponse#all_valid?` method recursively calls `model.send(name)` using relationship names taken directly from user-supplied JSONAPI payloads, without validating them against the resource's configured sideloads. This allows an attacker to potentially run any pu

Published 2026-03-24

A user with access to the DB could craft a database entry that would result in executing code on Triggerer - which gives anyone who have access to DB the same permissions as Dag Author. Since direct DB access is not usual and recommended for Airflow, the likelihood of it making any damage is low. You should upgrade to version 6.0.0 of the provider to avoid even that risk.

Published 2026-03-09

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse crafted expressions in workflow parameters to trigger unintended system command execution on the host running n8n. This issue has been patched in versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2.

Published 2026-02-04

Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources vulnerability in Crafter Studio of Crafter CMS allows authenticated developers to execute OS commands via Groovy Sandbox Bypass. By inserting malicious Groovy elements, an attacker may bypass sandbox restrictions and obtain RCE (Remote Code Execution).

Published 2026-02-02

SandboxJS is a JavaScript sandboxing library. Versions prior to 0.8.26 have a sandbox escape vulnerability due to `AsyncFunction` not being isolated in `SandboxFunction`. The library attempts to sandbox code execution by replacing the global `Function` constructor with a safe, sandboxed version (`SandboxFunction`). This is handled in `utils.ts` by mapping `Function` to `sandboxFunction` within a map used for lookups. However, before version 0.8.26, the library did not include mappings for `AsyncFunction`, `GeneratorFunction`, and `AsyncGeneratorFunction`. These constructors are not global properties but can be accessed via the `.constructor` property of an instance (e.g., `(async () => {}).constructor`). In `executor.ts`, property access is handled. When code running inside the sandbox acc

Published 2026-01-28

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. In vm2 prior to version 3.10.2, `Promise.prototype.then` `Promise.prototype.catch` callback sanitization can be bypassed. This allows attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code. In lib/setup-sandbox.js, the callback function of `localPromise.prototype.then` is sanitized, but `globalPromise.prototype.then` is not sanitized. The return value of async functions is `globalPromise` object. Version 3.10.2 fixes the issue.

Published 2026-01-26

Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat. Prior to version 2.19.0, an unauthenticated attacker can pollute the internal state (`restoreFilePath`) of the server via the `/skServer/validateBackup` endpoint. This allows the attacker to hijack the administrator's "Restore" functionality to overwrite critical server configuration files (e.g., `security.json`, `package.json`), leading to account takeover and Remote Code Execution (RCE). Version 2.19.0 patches this vulnerability.

Published 2026-01-01

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in their workflow expression evaluation system. Under certain conditions, expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime. An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.120.4,

Published 2025-12-19

A vulnerability was determined in SamuNatsu HaloBot up to 026b01d4a896d93eaaf9d5163a287dc9f267515b. Affected is the function html_renderer of the file plugins/html_renderer/index.js of the component Inter-plugin API. Executing manipulation of the argument action can lead to dynamically-managed code resources. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Published 2025-12-15

Improper control of dynamically managed code resources in Ivanti Endpoint Manager prior to version 2024 SU4 SR1 allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to write arbitrary files on the server, potentially leading to remote code execution. User interaction is required.

Published 2025-12-09

A vulnerability exists in Google Apigee's JavaCallout policy https://docs.apigee.com/api-platform/reference/policies/java-callout-policy that allows for remote code execution. It is possible for a user to write a JavaCallout that injected a malicious object into the MessageContext to execute arbitrary Java code and system commands at runtime, leading to unauthorized access to data, lateral movement within the network, and access to backend systems. The Apigee hybrid versions below have all been updated to protect from this vulnerability: * Hybrid_1.11.2+ * Hybrid_1.12.4+ * Hybrid_1.13.3+ * Hybrid_1.14.1+ * OPDK_5202+ * OPDK_5300+

Published 2025-12-05

A vulnerability has been found in youlaitech youlai-mall 1.0.0/2.0.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /app-api/v1/orders/. The manipulation of the argument orderId leads to improper control of dynamically-identified variables. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Published 2025-12-05

A flaw has been found in youlaitech youlai-mall 1.0.0/2.0.0. Affected is the function getById/updateAddress/deleteAddress of the file /mall-ums/app-api/v1/addresses/. Executing manipulation can lead to improper control of dynamically-identified variables. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Published 2025-12-04

Improper control of dynamically-managed code resources vulnerability in WebAPI component in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 7.1.1-42962-8 and 7.2.1-69057-2 and 7.2.2-72806 and Synology Unified Controller (DSMUC) before 3.1.4-23079 allows remote authenticated users to obtain privileges without consent via unspecified vectors.

Published 2025-12-04

GZDoom is a feature centric port for all Doom engine games. GZDoom is an open source Doom engine. In versions 4.14.2 and earlier, ZScript actor state handling allows scripts to read arbitrary addresses, write constants into the JIT-compiled code section, and redirect control flow through crafted FState and VMFunction structures. A script can copy FState structures into a writable buffer, modify function pointers and state transitions, and cause execution of attacker-controlled bytecode, leading to arbitrary code execution.

Published 2025-12-03

Improper control of dynamically-managed code resources for some Intel(R) NPU Drivers within Ring 3: User Applications may allow a denial of service. Unprivileged software adversary with an authenticated user combined with a low complexity attack may enable denial of service. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are not present without special internal knowledge and requires passive user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

Published 2025-11-11

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, a possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in `Rack::Sendfile` when running behind a proxy that supports `x-sendfile` headers (such as Nginx). Specially crafted headers could cause `Rack::Sendfile` to miscommunicate with the proxy and trigger unintended internal requests, potentially bypassing proxy-level access restrictions. When `Rack::Sendfile` received untrusted `x-sendfile-type` or `x-accel-mapping` headers from a client, it would interpret them as proxy configuration directives. This could cause the middleware to send a "redirect" response to the proxy, prompting it to reissue a new internal request that was not subject to the proxy's access controls. An attacker could exploit this

Published 2025-10-10

The Keras Model.load_model method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True. One can create a specially crafted .h5/.hdf5 model archive that, when loaded via Model.load_model, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed. This is achieved by crafting a special .h5 archive file that uses the Lambda layer feature of keras which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. The vulnerability comes from the fact that the safe_mode=True option is not honored when reading .h5 archives. Note that the .h5/.hdf5 format is a legacy format supported by Keras 3 for backwards compatibility.

Published 2025-09-19

An unauthenticated remote attacker can alter the device configuration in a way to get remote code execution as root with specific configurations.

Published 2025-07-08

A vulnerability in the Eclipse Open VSX Registry’s automated publishing system could have allowed unauthorized uploads of extensions. Specifically, the system’s build scripts were executed without proper isolation, potentially exposing a privileged token. This token enabled the publishing of new extension versions under any namespace, including those not controlled by an attacker. However, it did not permit deletion of existing extensions, overwriting of published versions, or access to administrative features of the registry. The issue was reported on May 4, 2025, fully resolved by June 24, and followed by a comprehensive audit. No evidence of compromise was found, though 81 extensions were proactively deactivated as a precaution. The standard publishing process remained unaffected. Reco

Published 2025-06-27

Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources vulnerability in Crafter Studio of CrafterCMS allows authenticated developers to execute OS commands via Groovy Sandbox Bypass. By inserting malicious Groovy elements, an attacker may bypass Sandbox restrictions and obtain RCE (Remote Code Execution). This issue affects CrafterCMS: from 4.0.0 through 4.2.2.

Published 2025-06-19